Cara Melakukan Routing Pada Cisco Packet Tracer

Routing
Routing adalah proses pengiriman data maupun informasi dengan meneruskan paket data yang dikirim dari jaringan satu ke jaringan lainnya.

Konsep dasar routing
Bahwa dalam jaringan WAN kita sering mengenal yang namanya TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol) sebagai alamat sehingga pengiriman paket data dapat sampai ke alamat yang dituju (host tujuan). TCP/IP membagi tugas masing-masing mulai dari penerimaan paket data sampai pengiriman paket data dalam sistem sehingga jika terjadi permasalahan dalam pengiriman paket data dapat dipecahkan dengan baik. Berdasarkan pengiriman paket data routing dibedakan menjadi routing lansung dan routing tidak langsung.
  • Routing langsung merupakan sebuah pengalamatan secara langsung menuju alamat tujuan tanpa melalui host lain. Contoh: sebuah komputer dengan alamat 192.168.1.2 mengirimkan data ke komputer dengan alamat 192.168.1.3
  • Routing tidak langsung merupakan sebuah pengalamatan yang harus melalui alamat host lain sebelum menuju alamat hort tujuan. (contoh: komputer dengan alamat 192.168.1.2 mengirim data ke komputer dengan alamat 192.1681.3, akan tetapi sebelum menuju ke komputer dengan alamat 192.168.1.3, data dikirim terlebih dahulu melalui host dengan alamat 192.168.1.5 kemudian dilanjutkan ke alamat host tujuan.
Jenis Konfigurasi Routing
  1. Minimal Routing merupakan proses routing sederhana dan biasanya hanya pemakaian lokal saja.
  2. Static Routing, dibangun pada jaringan yang memiliki banyak gateway. jenis ini hanya memungkinkan untuk jaringan kecil dan stabil.
  3. Dinamic Routing, biasanya digunakan pada jaringan yang memiliki lebih dari satu rute. Dinamic routing memerlukan routing protocol untuk membuat tabel routing yang dapat memakan resource komputer.
Latihan 1 :
Alat dan Bahan
-          2 PC
-          2 buah Router
Susunlah perangkat tersebut seperti gambar dibawah ini menggunakan kabel Cooper-Cross Over,
PC1 ke router1 fa0/0 dan PC2 ke router2 fa0/0.

Untuk Router to Router,  jangan dulu menghubungkannya, karena ada beberapa hal yang harus kita lakukan, yaitu :
  1. Untuk router pertama (Router1), pada tab Physical di sebelah kiri terdapat panel yang berisi modul dari router, kita pilih yang WIC-1T (1).
  2. Untuk memasang modul tersebut kita harus mematikan routernya terlebih dahulu dengan cara mengklik pada tombol On/Off, sehingga cahaya hijaunya hilang
  3. Drag module WIC-1T (4), yang berada pada kanan bawah ke slot yang kosong yang berada disebelah kiri tombol power (3).
  4. Lalu nyalakan kembali tombol powernya seperti langkah ke-2.
  5. Lakukan langkah diatas tersebut pada Router satunya lagi.
Setelah 2 router tadi sudah di pasang module WIC-2T, langkah selanjutnya kita hubungkan 2 Router tersebut dengan menggunakan cable Serial DCE. Router 1 serial0/0/0 terhubung ke Router2 Serial0/0/0 maka hasilnya akan seperti dibawah ini :
Alokasi IP
IP Address Router
Perangkat
Interface
IP address
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
Router1
FastEthernet 0/0
192.168.2.1
255.255.255.0
-
Serial0/0/0
192.168.1.1
255.255.255.0
-
Router2
FastEthernet0/0
192.168.3.1
255.255.255.0
-
Serial0/0/0
192.168.1.2
255.255.255.0
-

IP Address PC
Perangkat
IP address
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
PC1
192.168.2.2
255.255.255.0
192.168.2.1
PC2
192.168.3.2
255.255.255.0
192.168.3.1
IP route
Perangkat
Destination
Subnet Mask
Next Hop Address
Router1
192.168.3.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.1.2
Router2
192.168.2.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.1.1

Jika topologi sudah dibuat maka ikuti langkah dibawah ini

Setting IP address pada router
Router 1
Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no   (klik enter 2 kali)
Router>enable
Router#config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface fa0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to down
Router(config-if)#ex
Router(config)#interface se0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 56000
Router(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to down
Router(config-if)#ex
Router 2
Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no (enter 2 kali)
Router>enable
Router#config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface fa0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Router(config-if)#ex
Router(config)#interface se0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 56000
Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up

Router(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up

Router(config-if)#ex

Setelah selesai konfigurasi router maka langkah selanjutnya adalah setting PC sesuai dengan tabel diatas
Ping PC1 ke PC2
Hasil pengecekan koneksi diatas dikarenakan belum diaturnya ip route pada masing – masing router. Dibawah ini merupakan cara untuk setting ip route pada router
Perintah penambahan ip route
Ip route <destination> <subnet mask> <next hop address>
Keterangan :
-          Ip route : perintah untuk membuat static routing
-          Destination : network tujuan yang hendak ditambahkan
-          Subnet Mask : subnet mask yang digunakan dalam network
-          Next hop address : alamat dari router yang menghubungkan router dan router atau router tujuan
Setting IP Route
Router 1
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
Router(config)#exit
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S    192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2 (ip route yang telah ditambahkan)

Router 2
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
Router(config)#ex
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
S    192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1 (Ip route yang telah ditambahkan)
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

Ping dari PC1 ke PC2



Latihan 2
Buatlah topologi dibawah ini !
IP address Router
Perangkat
Interface
IP address
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
Router1
FastEthernet 0/0
192.168.20.1
255.255.255.0
-
Serial0/0/0
192.168.10.1
255.255.255.0
-
Router2
FastEthernet0/0
192.168.30.1
255.255.255.0
-
Serial0/0/0
192.168.10.2
255.255.255.0
-
IP Address PC
Perangkat
IP address
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
PC0
192.168.20.2
255.255.255.0
192.168.20.1
PC1
192.168.20.3
255.255.255.0
192.168.20.1
PC2
192.168.20.4
255.255.255.0
192.168.20.1
PC3
192.168.20.5
255.255.255.0
192.168.20.1
PC4
192.168.30.2
255.255.255.0
192.168.30.1
PC5
192.168.30.3
255.255.255.0
192.168.30.1
PC6
192.168.30.4
255.255.255.0
192.168.30.1
PC7
192.168.30.5
255.255.255.0
192.168.30.1

IP Route
Perangkat
Destination
Subnet Mask
Next Hop Address
Router1
192.168.30.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.10.2
Router2
192.168.20.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.10.1



Latihan 3
Menghubungkan 3 Router yang berbeda
IP address Router
Perangkat
Interface
IP address
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
Router1
fastEthernet0/0
192.168.1.1
255.255.255.0
-
Serial0/0/0
192.168.2.1
255.255.255.0
-
Router2
fastEthernet0/0
192.168.3.1
255.255.255.0
-
Serial0/0/0
192.168.2.2
255.255.255.0
-
Serial0/1/0
192.168.4.1
255.255.255.0
-
Router3
fastEthernet0/0
192.168.5.1
255.255.255.0
-
Serial0/0/0
192.168.4.2
255.255.255.0
-
IP Address PC
Perangkat
IP address
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
PC1
192.168.1.2
255.255.255.0
192.168.1.1
PC2
192.168.3.2
255.255.255.0
192.168.3.1
PC3
192.168.5.2
255.255.255.0
192.168.5.1
IP Route
Perangkat
Destination
Subnet Mask
Next Hop Address
Router1
192.168.3.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.2.2
192.168.4.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.2.2
192.168.5.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.2.2
Router2
192.168.1.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.2.1
192.168.5.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.4.2
Router3
192.168.1.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.4.1
192.168.2.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.4.1
192.168.3.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.4.1
Configurasi Router
Router 1
Router>enable
Router#config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface fa0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Router(config-if)#ex
Router(config)#interface se0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to down
Router(config-if)#clock rate 56000
Router(config-if)#ex

Router 2
Router>enable
Router#config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface se0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up

Router(config-if)#clock rate 56000
Router(config-if)#ex
Router(config)#interface fa0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Router(config-if)#ex
Router(config)#interface se0/1/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to down
Router(config-if)#clock rate 56000
Router(config-if)#ex

Router 3
Router>enable
Router#config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface se0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ipiip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up

Router(config-if)#clock rate 56000
Router(config-if)#ex
Router(config)#interface fa0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Router(config-if)#ex

Setting Ip route
Router 1      
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
Router(config)#ex
Router#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Router#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
S    192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2
S    192.168.4.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2
S    192.168.5.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2

Router 2
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
Router(config)#ip route 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.2
Router(config)#ex
Router#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Router#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S    192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
S    192.168.5.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.4.2

Router 3
Router(config)#ip rout 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1
Router(config)#ip rout 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1
Router(config)#ip rout 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1
Router(config)#ex
Router#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Router#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S    192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.4.1
S    192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.4.1
S    192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.4.1
C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C    192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

Ping dari PC1 ke PC3
Latihan 4
Buatlah topologi dibawah ini !



IP address Router
Perangkat
Interface
IP address
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
Router1
fastEthernet0/0
192.168.11.1
255.255.255.0
-
Serial0/0/0
192.168.22.1
255.255.255.0
-
Router2
fastEthernet0/0
192.168.33.1
255.255.255.0
-
Serial0/0/0
192.168.22.2
255.255.255.0
-
Serial0/1/0
192.168.44.1
255.255.255.0
-
Router3
fastEthernet0/0
192.168.55.1
255.255.255.0
-
Serial0/0/0
192.168.44.2
255.255.255.0
-
IP Address PC
Perangkat
IP address
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
PC1
192.168.11.2
255.255.255.0
192.168.11.1
PC2
192.168.11.3
255.255.255.0
192.168.11.1
PC3
192.168.11.4
255.255.255.0
192.168.11.1
PC4
192.168.33.2
255.255.255.0
192.168.33.1
PC5
192.168.33.3
255.255.255.0
192.168.33.1
PC6
192.168.33.4
255.255.255.0
192.168.33.1
PC7
192.168.55.2
255.255.255.0
192.168.55.1
PC8
192.168.55.3
255.255.255.0
192.168.55.1
PC9
192.168.55.4
255.255.255.0
192.168.55.1
IP Route
Perangkat
Destination
Subnet Mask
Next Hop Address
Router1
192.168.33.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.22.2
192.168.44.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.22.2
192.168.55.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.22.2
Router2
192.168.11.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.22.1
192.168.55.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.44.2
Router3
192.168.11.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.44.1
192.168.22.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.44.1
192.168.33.0
255.255.255.0
192.168.44.1


Komentar

Posting Komentar

Postingan populer dari blog ini

Makalah Angklung Basa Sunda

KECAP PANGANTEUR      Sagala puji sareng syukur ka hatur ka Alloh SWT. Teu hilap sholawat miwah salam mugia mayeng ngocor ka kanjeng Nabi Muhammad SAW, ka para kulawargina, ka para sohabatna tur dugi ka urang kaum Muslimin sareng Muslimat salaku umatna. Kulantaran rahmat sareng hidayahna sim abdi tiasa ngarengsekeun ieu makalah anu mangrupi pangajak pikeun urang ngamumule pikeun mikawanoh waditra "Angklung" utamina. mudah-mudahan ieu makalah tiasa aya manfaatna kangge urang sarerea.     Rumaos seueur kakirangan dina ieu makalah, sim abdi miharep kamandang atanapi kritik enggoning ngaronjatkeun ajen ieu makalah, sim abdi oge nyuhunkeun di hapunten bilih aya kakirangan sareng kalepatan dina panulisan ieu makalah. Bandung,05 Mei 2015 Nu Ngarang NANDI RUSNANDI Daptar Eusi Kecap Panganteur................................................................................................... Daftar Eusi...................
Baca selengkapnya